The CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus 2025–26 plays a crucial role for students who plan to pursue careers in engineering, computer science, data science, or related technical fields. Since Computer Science builds strong logical thinking and problem-solving skills, students must clearly understand the CBSE Class 12 Computer Science latest syllabus before starting preparation.
The Central Board of Secondary Education conducts the Class 12 Computer Science examination to assess students’ conceptual clarity, programming ability, and practical knowledge. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the CBSE Class 12 Computer Science board exam syllabus helps students prepare in a focused and organized manner.
Moreover, the CBSE Class 12 Computer Science exam (Subject Code 083) carries a total of 100 marks. The board awards 70 marks for the theory paper and 30 marks for the practical examination as per the CBSE Class 12 Computer Science marking scheme 2025–26. Hence, balanced preparation for both theory and practical components becomes essential.
Overview of CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus 2025–26
The Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus focuses on core computer science concepts such as programming, computational thinking, networking, and database management. The CBSE Class 12 Computer Science curriculum is designed according to NCERT guidelines and prepares students for higher technical education.
The theory paper under the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus includes three units. The CBSE Class 12 Computer Science syllabus 2025–26 theory portion focuses heavily on Computational Thinking and Programming, making it the most important unit for scoring high marks.
CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Exam Pattern and Marks Distribution
The CBSE Class 12 Computer Science examination follows a clear and structured marking scheme. The total marks stand at 100, divided between theory and practical components.
- Theory Examination: 70 Marks
- Practical Examination: 30 Marks
Hence, this structure ensures that students demonstrate both theoretical understanding and practical proficiency.
CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus 2025–26: Theory Marking Scheme
The theory paper under the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus includes three units. Each unit carries specific weightage, as shown below:
| Unit No. | Unit Name | Marks |
| I. | Computational Thinking and Programming – 2 | 40 |
| II. | Computer Networks | 10 |
| III. | Database Management | 20 |
| Total | 70 | |
Hence, this clear distribution highlights the importance of programming and computational thinking, which together carry the highest weightage.
Computer Science Syllabus Class 12 2025–26 PDF
The Computer Science Syllabus Class 12 2025–26 PDF serves as an essential academic resource for students. It clearly outlines every topic and sub-topic prescribed by CBSE for the academic year.
By referring to the official syllabus PDF, students can plan their studies effectively, track completed topics, and avoid unnecessary content. Furthermore, easy access to the syllabus PDF helps students stay organised throughout the academic session and exam preparation phase.
Click here to download the Syllabus PDF
CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Deleted Syllabus 2025–26
CBSE has reduced certain topics from the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus to streamline learning and reduce academic pressure. Students must stay updated with the deleted syllabus to focus only on relevant topics.
The deleted syllabus mainly affects sections on computational thinking, computer networks, database management, and advanced programming concepts. Therefore, understanding these deletions allows students to concentrate more on high-priority topics.
CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Deleted Syllabus Details
| Unit | Chapter | Topics |
| i. | Computational Thinking and Programming | Recursion – simple algorithms with recursion: print a message forever, the sum of first n natural numbers, factorial, Fibonacci numbers, recursion on arrays: binary search The idea of efficiency: performance measurement in terms of the number of operations Data structures: Lists as covered in Class XI, Stacks – Push, Pop using a list, Queues – Insert, Delete using a list. (One of the data structures is a Stack or a Queue. While setting the question paper, a student will have an option between Stack and Queue.) |
| ii. | Computer Networks | Web Scripting Client side (VB Script, JavaScript, PHP) and Server side (ASP, JSP, PHP), Web 2.0 (for social networking), E-commerce payment transactions using online banking, mobile banking, payment apps, and services |
| iii. | Database Management | Create table, drop table, alter table, update.set, insert, delete. |
| Unit | Chapter | Topics |
| i. | Computational Thinking and Programming | Recursion – simple algorithms with recursion: print a message forever, the sum of first n natural numbers, factorial, Fibonacci numbers, recursion on arrays: binary search The idea of efficiency: performance measurement in terms of the number of operations Data structures: Lists as covered in Class XI, Stacks – Push, Pop using a list, Queues – Insert, Delete using a list. (One of the data structures is Stack or Queue. While setting the question paper, a student will have an option between Stack and Queue.) |
| ii. | Computer Networks | Web Scripting Client side (VB Script, JavaScript, PHP) and Server side (ASP, JSP, PHP), Web 2.0 (for social networking), E-commerce payment transactions using online banking, mobile banking, payment apps, and services |
| iii. | Database Management | Create table, drop table, alter table, update.set, insert, delete. |
CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus 2025–26: Unit-Wise Details
A unit-wise breakdown of the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus helps students prepare systematically. Each unit covers specific learning objectives and skill sets.
Unit I: Computational Thinking and Programming – 2
This unit forms the backbone of the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus. It strengthens Python programming concepts and logical thinking abilities.
| Topic | Content |
| Revision of Python topics covered in Class XI | Review of previously learned Python concepts and topics from Class XI. |
| Functions | Types of functions (built-in functions, functions defined in a module, user-defined functions), creating user-defined functions, arguments and parameters, default parameters, positional parameters, functions returning values, the flow of execution, and the scope of a variable (global scope and local scope). |
| Exception Handling | Introduction to exception handling and handling exceptions using try-except-finally blocks. |
| Introduction to Files | Types of files (Text file, Binary file, CSV file), relative and absolute paths. |
| Text Files | Opening and closing text files, text file open modes (r, r+, w, w+, a, a+), working with text files using write() and writelines(), reading from text files using read(), readline(), and readlines(), seek and tell methods, and data manipulation in text files. |
| Binary Files | Basic operations on binary files, file open modes (rb, rb+, wb, wb+, ab, ab+), import pickle module, dump() and load() methods, and read, write/create, search, append, and update operations in binary files. |
| CSV Files | Importing the CSV module, opening and closing CSV files, writing to CSV files using a writer(), writer(), and writer(), and reading from CSV files using a reader(). |
| Data Structures – Stacks | Introduction to stacks, stack operations (push and pop), and stack implementation using lists. |
Students must practice coding regularly to master this unit, as it carries the highest weightage in the theory paper.
Unit II: Computer Networks
The Computer Networks unit introduces students to the fundamentals of networking and internet technologies. Although this unit carries fewer marks, it remains important for conceptual clarity.
| Topic | Content |
| Evolution of Networking | Introduction to computer networks and historical evolution (ARPANET, NSFNET, INTERNET). |
| Data Communication Terminologies | Communication concepts and components (sender, receiver, message, communication media, and protocols); measuring communication media capacity (bandwidth and data transfer rate); IP address; and switching techniques (Circuit switching, Packet switching). |
| Transmission Media | Wired communication media (Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, Fiber-optic cable), Wireless media (Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared waves). |
| Network Devices | Overview of network devices (Modem, Ethernet card, RJ45, Repeater, Hub, Switch, Router, Gateway, WIFI card). |
| Network Topologies and Types | Types of networks (PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN) and networking topologies (Bus, Star, Tree). |
| Network Protocols | HTTP, FTP, PPP, SMTP, TCP/IP, POP3, HTTPS, TELNET, VoIP. |
| Introduction to Web Services | WWW, Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML), Extensible Markup Language (XML), domain names, URLs, websites, web browsers, web servers, and web hosting. |
Clear understanding of definitions and examples helps students score well in this unit.
Unit III: Database Management
Database Management plays a vital role in the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus by teaching data storage and retrieval concepts.
| Topic | Content |
| Database Concepts | Introduction to database concepts and their significance. |
| Relational Data Model | Key concepts in the relational data model: relation, attribute, tuple, domain, degree, cardinality, and keys (candidate key, primary key, alternate key, foreign key). |
| Structured Query Language (SQL) | Introduction to SQL, Data Definition Language (DDL), and Data Manipulation Language (DML); data types (char(n), varchar(n), int, float, date); constraints (not null, unique, primary key); database operations (create, use, show, drop); table operations (create, describe, alter, drop); data manipulation (insert, delete, select, update; operators; aliasing; distinct clause; where, in, between, order by, null; like, aggregate functions, group by, having, joins (cartesian product, equi-join, natural join). |
| Interface of Python with an SQL Database | Connecting Python with an SQL database, performing insert, update, and delete queries using cursor, data retrieval using connect(), cursor(), execute(), commit(), fetchone(), fetch(), and row count, creating database connectivity applications, and using format specifiers to perform queries. |
Hence, with regular practice of SQL queries ensures confidence during both theory and practical examinations.
CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Practical Marking Scheme
The practical examination tests a student’s ability to apply concepts learned during the academic year. The CBSE allocates 30 marks for practical assessment under the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus. The CBSE Class 12 Computer Science practical syllabus evaluates Python programming logic, SQL queries, project implementation, and viva performance.
| S.No. | Unit Name | Marks |
| Lab Test | ||
| 1. | Python Program (60% logic + 20% documentation + 20% code quality) | 8 |
| SQL Queries (4 queries based on one or two tables) | 4 | |
| Report File | ||
| 2. | Minimum 15 Python Programs | 7 |
| SQL Queries (Minimum 5 sets using one table/two tables) | ||
| – Minimum 4 programs based on Python – SQL connectivity | ||
| 3. | Project (Using concepts learnt in Classes 11 and 12) | 8 |
| 4. | Viva Voce | 3 |
| Total | 30 | |
Therefore, students must focus on logic building, clean coding practices, and proper documentation to score well in practicals.
Importance of Understanding the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus
A clear understanding of the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus helps students manage time efficiently and prepare strategically. It ensures complete coverage of important topics and reduces exam-related stress.
Moreover, syllabus-based preparation improves confidence and boosts overall academic performance.
How the Computer Science Subject Helps in Future Careers
The Computer Science Subject does more than help students score marks in board exams. It builds a strong foundation for future career paths in technology and science-related fields.
Students who study this syllabus develop logical thinking, problem-solving ability, and coding discipline. Moreover, concepts like Python programming, databases, and networking directly connect with fields such as software engineering, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and cybersecurity. As a result, students gain early exposure to real-world computer applications.
Importance of NCERT Alignment in Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus
The Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus strictly follows the NCERT framework. Therefore, students preparing according to the CBSE Class 12 Computer Science board exam syllabus and NCERT textbooks gain a clear advantage in exams.
NCERT explanations use simple language, clear examples, and exam-relevant content. In addition, most theory questions, definitions, and short answers directly come from NCERT-based concepts. Hence, students must prioritize NCERT reading before referring to any additional material.
How to Prepare Computer Science Effectively
Preparing for Computer Science requires a balanced approach between theory and practical learning.
Students should begin by completing Python fundamentals and database concepts early in the session. After that, they should practice writing programs regularly instead of memorizing code. Furthermore, solving sample papers and previous-year-style questions improves confidence and time management.
Consistent revision of formulas, syntax rules, and SQL commands helps retain concepts for long-term use.
Role of Practical Exams in the Class 12 Computer Science
The practical component of the Class 12 Computer Science plays a decisive role in boosting overall scores.
Many students score full or near-full marks in practicals by maintaining a neat record file, preparing projects sincerely, and practicing viva questions. Since practicals test application skills rather than rote learning, regular hands-on practice becomes essential.
A strong performance in practical exams often compensates for minor mistakes in the theory paper.
Common Mistakes Students Make While Studying Class 12 Computer Science
Despite having a clear syllabus, many students make avoidable mistakes while preparing the Class 12 Computer Science.
Some students ignore programming practice and focus only on reading theory. Others skip SQL practice or delay project work until the last moment. Additionally, many students do not revise deleted syllabus updates, which leads to confusion.
Avoiding these mistakes ensures better clarity and smoother exam preparation.
How the Class 12 Computer Science Improves Logical Thinking
One major strength of the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus lies in its focus on logic building. Python programming, functions, and data handling train students to think step by step.
As students write code, debug errors, and optimize logic, their analytical skills improve naturally. This logical approach also helps in competitive exams, entrance tests, and higher education courses.
Best Study Order for Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus
Following the right sequence makes the Class 12 Computer Science easier to understand.
Students should start with Python revision, then move to functions and file handling. After that, database management and SQL should be covered. Finally, networking concepts can be revised closer to exams since they rely more on theory.
This order ensures smoother learning and better retention.
Why Class 12 Computer Science Needs Regular Revision
The Class 12 Computer Science includes syntax-based topics that require frequent revision. Without revision, students may forget commands, formats, or logic structures.
Short daily revision sessions help students stay confident and reduce last-minute stress. Moreover, revising Python code and SQL queries regularly improves speed and accuracy in exams.
Additional Tip for Scoring High in Class 12 Computer Science
Students aiming for high scores in the Class 12 Computer Science should practise writing answers in a clear and structured format. Proper indentation in code, correct terminology, and stepwise explanations create a strong impression during evaluation.
Good presentation often leads to better marks, even when answers remain concise.
Final Thoughts
The CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus 2025–26 provides a strong foundation in programming, databases, and networking concepts. By following the updated CBSE Class 12 Computer Science marking scheme 2025–26 and syllabus PDF, students can align their preparation effectively.
By understanding every unit clearly and following a disciplined preparation strategy, students can score high marks and build a solid base for future technical education.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What are the main units in the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus?
The syllabus includes Computational Thinking and Programming – 2, Computer Networks, and Database Management.
Does the syllabus include revision of Class 11 Python topics?
Yes, the syllabus includes revision of important Python concepts from Class 11.
Which programming language is used for Class 12 Computer Science practicals?
Students use Python and SQL for practical examinations.
What is the weightage of the practical exam in Class 12 Computer Science?
The practical exam carries 30 marks out of the total 100 marks.
